New Jerusalem - Constantinople to Moscow (3rd Throne)

The "moving" of the spiritual throne from Constantinople to Moscow, after the Ottoman conquest in 1453, fundamentally shifted the center of Orthodox Christianity to Moscow, leading to its claim as the "Third Rome". This shift increased the Russian Orthodox Church's prestige and authority, while the Patriarch of Constantinople became subordinate to the territorial jurisdiction of the Ottoman Sultan. The move also meant Moscow was now the sole independent Orthodox power, shaping its cultural and political identity, but also eventually leading to isolation from other Orthodox communities and eventual internal schisms. In 1596 the Union of Brest in Lithuania would enable some Orthodox to re-enter union with Catholics between Polish and Russian christians. Later in 1646 the Union of Uzhhorod would expand Eastern Catholicism for christians in Ukraine, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania. Later in 1686 Patriarch Dionysius IV of Constantinople issued letters ratifying that the Kiev Metropolia was transferred under the canonical submission of the Patriarch of Moscow "from henceforth and forever more". Moscow later cited these in official statements to argue against Constantinople's later interventions.